Please respond to the TWO following posts. minimum of TWO thoughtful and relevan

Please respond to the TWO following posts. minimum of TWO thoughtful and relevanUncategorized Please respond to the TWO following posts. minimum of TWO thoughtful and relevant replies to fellow students. The guideline for a reply post is about 100-150 words. These posts should be relevant, timely, well-written, and include citations. ALL POSTS AND REPLIES MUST BE BACKED BY EXTERNAL AND CREDIBLE SOURCES AND DEMONSTRATE KNOWLEDGE OF THE TERMS, CONCEPTS, AND PRINCIPLES WITHIN SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY. You will need all 3 posts to obtain full credit. Additional relevant, timely, and quality replies that add value are strongly encouraged to improve your learning and grade. Remember to integrate scholarly sources into your response, using APA guidelines to cite appropriately.First Discussion Reply“Quiet Rage: The Stanford Prison Experiment (52:03)According to Aronson experiments should resemble the real world as much as possible and to be as sound and well controlled as we can make them. We also want to avoid causing our participants stress, discomfort, or unpleasantness. These two goals sometimes conflict as the researcher goes about the business of creating and conducting experiments (Aronson, p. 45)The Stanford Prison Experiment was conducted using the Experimental Method. This method allows the researcher to randomly assign participants to different conditions and ensures that these conditions are identical except for the independent variable. (Aronson, p. 34)This study failed to practice the APA ethical principle of maintaining a safe and humane environment for all participants and thus avoiding harm. (APA, 2017) Although the guards were initially instructed not to physically harm the prisoners, they did harm many of them at the psychological level. After the second day of the experiment the prison guards began to treat the prisoners with cruel and unusual methods. Such as punishing them by confining them to their cells for simply not wanting to eat. Many prisoners became traumatized and had to abandon the experiment early on. Zimbardo also decided to end the experiment early, on the sixth day, due to realizing how harmful the experiment had become.I do think the benefits to society made this experiment worthwhile. Perhaps a shorter duration would have helped lessen the suffering of the prisoners. However, this experiment provided an authentic view of how social roles may affect individuals’ thoughts and behaviors. The true fascination for me is the fact that everyone involved truly felt it was real. Despite having awareness of the prison being staged in a university building and all participants being college students. The prison warden, who was also the researching psychologist, became lost in his position and did not come to the realization that the prisoners were being treated unethically. Not until a student who was not involved in the experiment spoke up and informed him.I wonder why none of the individuals involved in the experiment spoke up to the “warden” about their concerns? Were they so lost in their roles that it never came to mind to question the experiment? Or did they also fall into the trap of not challenging an authority figure?The acting guards were never guards prior to the experiment but after a few hours/days in the given role they presented similar if not identical behaviors as seasoned or long-term prison guards. Some guards also began copying the behaviors of other guards showing how people lack self-recognition. The prisoners were never prisoners prior to the experiment and although they had pre-existing knowledge that it was just an experiment, they still behaved like first time prisoners. Some prisoners conformed to the setting and the guard’s rules. The prisoners who did not conform and instead challenged the guards were severely punished. The family members of the prisoners, who also were aware that it was an experiment, also conformed to the rules of the prison guards. In no circumstance did any family members question or challenge the guards or the experiment. It seemed that everyone failed to acknowledge or care for the physical and mental state of the prisoners, which is something that happens to prisoners in real life.This experiment, although unethical in practice, show cases how far authority figures can influence individuals’ feelings and behaviors. This experiment led to studies of shyness which have led to a better understanding of the shy personality trait, which is an influencing factor as to why some individuals behave the way they do in certain situations. This study has helped psychologists understand why some people conform to authority more than others. (Zimbardo, 2004)In 2016 the American Psychological Association made an amendment to the Ethical Principles for a study. Principle 3.04 Avoiding Harm states that Psychologists must be reasonable and ensure that they are not harming their clients, patients, students, supervisees, research participants, organizational clients, and other individuals they work with. They must minimize harm where it is predictable and unavoidable. Psychologists cannot participate in, facilitate, assist, or otherwise engage in torture, defined as any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person, or in any other cruel, inhuman, or degrading behavior that violates 3.04(a). (APA, 2017)”2. 2 DISCUSSION REPLYEvaluate this infamous study using one of the selected APA ethical principles in your textbook. Make sure to indicate which principle you are using.For the purpose of this discussion I will be focusing on the APA ethical principle that, “psychologists respect the dignity, and worth of all people, and the rights of individuals to privacy, confidentiality, and self-determination” (Aronson, Wilson, Akert, & Sommers, 2018, p.47). The psychologists involved in this study failed to respect the dignity, and worth of all individuals involved in the study. Furthermore, the psychologists also failed to respect the privacy and self-determination of the individuals involved. Upon signing up for this study, all the participants knew was that they would receive $15 per day from participating. However, they were unaware of the fact that their privacy would be at stake. The fate of being chosen as a guard or prisoner was left to that of the flip of a coin. Prisoners were humiliated in front of neighbors, families and then stripped and humiliated again throughout the experiment. The possibility of lasting psychological effects were not disclosed to the participants of this study. Thus, breaching the ethical principle stated above.Do the benefits to science and humanity that this research has given us warrant the harm to the participants?The results of this study did provide benefits to science and humanity however, the conditions that the prisoners were exposed to did cause some psychological harm. Although the harm did not seem to be long lasting, it still played a large role in the outcome of the study. Due to the fact that there were no long lasting harmful effects on the participants, I believe that the beneficial outcome of this experiment was warranted.Now, redesign the study while following the APA ethical principles. Share the new design in your discussion.The first step to following the APA ethical principles is to provide all participants with informed consent. All information on what could possibly happen to them, should be disclosed at this time. During informed consent, participants should be aware that they may be humiliated as well as lose privacy and dignity during this experiment. While explaining the experiment, psychologists should explain the experiment in its entirety, making sure to include why the research is being conducted, the expected duration of the experiment, and procedures as well as giving the participants an opportunity to decline their participation at any time (if this is not possible this should be explained while giving the participants an opportunity to back out beforehand), explaining consequences of withdrawing from the study, explain any factors that may influence the withdrawal of a participant, explain the limits of confidentiality, incentives for participation, and whom to contact for questions about the research and participants rights. This can be done byImmediately providing informed consent in its entirety once individuals respond to the newspaper adExplain that the research is being conducted to understand what happens to individuals throughout the prison experienceThe duration of this experiment is expected to be 2 weeks- and will end if any issues ariseLet them know that prisoners and guards will be chosen at randomInform the participants that they can decline at any time before the experiment beginsGive an explanation of the experiment and consequences of withdrawing such as monetary lossExplain that confidentiality will be exposed at the conclusion of the study as results are publicized- informed consent to be filmed at all timesPotential risks to health and personal well being may include but are not limited to: being publicly arrested, upon arrival to the “prison” being stip searched and removing all sense of privacy, negative setting and treatment by guards, solitary confinement, and punishment by guards.Any questions you may have throughout this study may be answered in a post-experimental debriefing session “